Articles of War
The Role of Municipal Law Analogies in the Law of Armed Conflicts
It is common wisdom that the law of armed conflict (LOAC) contains many “principles” or rules of considerable normative breadth and importance. Some examples include: the principle of limitation of means and methods; the principle of distinction between the military...
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The Terminological Architecture of the Jus in Bello: Law, Language and Warfare
The lexicon governing the conduct of hostilities is not a static collection of synonyms but a dynamic field of ideological contestation. For...
Laws of Yesterday’s Wars Symposium – Jewish Ethics of War in the Torah
Editor’s note: The following post highlights a chapter that appears in Samuel White’s fourth edited volume of Laws of Yesterday’s Wars published...
Laws of Yesterday’s Wars Symposium – Hittite Laws of War
Editor’s note: The following post highlights a chapter that appears in Samuel White’s fourth edited volume of Laws of Yesterday’s Wars published...
Biological Weapons: Why Strengthening the BWC Matters Now
Disease is a constant threat to humanity and in many instances, there is little that can be done to prevent its spread. As shown by the recent...
Laws of Yesterday’s Wars Symposium – Introduction
The Laws of Yesterday’s Wars series began with what I assumed was an idle question, almost a thought experiment. While watching a dramatized Viking...
How Lessons Learned from the CCW Can Help Guide the Regulation of AWS
Autonomous weapon systems have become a familiar set piece in contemporary International Humanitarian Law (IHL) debates. The questions are by now...
The ICJ Obligations of Israel Advisory Opinion – Mass Deprivation and Preventive Protection
Editors’ note: This post is part of a series featuring analysis of the 2025 International Court of Justice advisory opinion on obligations of...
Of Evolving Belligerent Occupation Law: Old “Hague” Occupation and New “Geneva” Occupation
For years, the legal status of so-called “functional occupation” was unclear in international humanitarian law (IHL) (see, e.g., this 2012 work by...
Gamifying War: Reward Incentives and “Outlawry” in Armed Conflict
Both sides of the Ukraine-Russia conflict maintain incentive programs that reward soldiers for kills on the battlefield. Russia offers monetary...
The Moral Disorder of Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello Purity
In my last post, I argued why the law of armed conflict (LOAC) does not require the absolute separation of jus in bello and jus ad bellum. I also...
Lexical Imperfections in the Hague Regulations of 1907
The Hague Regulations (HR) annexed to the 1907 Hague Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land were the first reasonably...
Intelligence Wars: Sabotage in the Shadows of Conflict
Sabotage has suddenly gained a high profile in international dialogue about conflict. This occurs most obviously in the context of an evolving “gray...
