Articles of War
Beyond Nuclear: Does Russia’s Reported Anti-Starlink Weapon Breach the Outer Space Treaty?
In Late December 2025, intelligence services reported suspicion that Russia is developing a new anti-satellite weapon to target mass-constellations, such as SpaceX. Unlike traditional anti-satellite weapons that destroy a single target, the reported ability would...
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Lieber Studies Indo-Pacific Volume – A Tale of Tenacity, Tensions, and Ambiguity: Mutual Defense Treaties and Defense Groupings in the Indo-Pacific
Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s chapter in Armed Conflict and International Law in the Indo-Pacific Region (Douglas Guilfoyle...
Whose Decision Was It? Drone Swarms and the Accountability Gap in Ukraine
On June 1, 2025, Ukraine launched roughly 100 small drones at Russian airbases spread across several time zones. The platforms had been smuggled...
Lieber Studies Indo-Pacific Volume – LOAC and Information Warfare in the Indo-Pacific
Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s chapter in Armed Conflict and International Law in the Indo-Pacific Region (Douglas Guilfoyle...
Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello Targeting
There is a growing tendency to devise a double targeting criterion for attacks: one for jus ad bellum (JAB); and one for jus in bello (JIB), and to...
Lieber Studies Indo-Pacific Volume – Interpretative Choice and Risk in Indo-Pacific Air Domain Challenges
Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s chapter in Armed Conflict and International Law in the Indo-Pacific Region (Douglas Guilfoyle...
Lieber Studies Armed Conflict in the Indo-Pacific Region Volume Series – Introduction
In recent years, the Indo-Pacific has emerged as a principal arena of strategic competition. The region has witnessed intensified military...
Dual-Purpose Objects
Editors’ note: This post is based on the authors’ recently published article “On the Purpose Limb of the Military Objective Test under the Law of...
The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part II: Jus in Bello
Part I of this two-post series analyzed how the International Court of Justice’s (ICJ) Climate Change advisory opinion might reshape State...
War Booty in the Modern Law of Armed Conflict
There is an often unnoticed lexical (and, by extension, substantive) controversy over the survival of war booty under the modern law of armed...
Ukraine’s Attacks on Oil Infrastructure and the “War-Sustaining” Debate
On 16 June, Ukraine launched a drone strike on Russia’s Gazprom Neft Moscow Refinery, an oil processing facility that sources a third of the fuel...
The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part I: General International Law Considerations
In July 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued its much-anticipated Climate Change advisory opinion. The opinion is worth reviewing...
From Nuremberg to Lafarge: Corporate War Crimes by Another Name?
The prosecution of the global corporation Lafarge in the United States and, more recently, in France may signal a major shift in wartime corporate...
