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Paul A.L. Ducheine
| Aug 7, 2026 | AoW Posts, Blog, Use of Force
The “Aggregated” Accumulation of Events Doctrine: Three Operational Hypotheticals Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s forthcoming contribution to “What if in 2031” in a fall/winter publication at the NATO Defence College (Rome). The post’s hyperlinks...
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William Casey Biggerstaff
| Jul 3, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Use of Force
Operation Rising Lion and the Self-Defense Condition of Immediacy On 13 June, Israel launched Operation Rising Lion, striking Iranian military leadership and critical infrastructure as well as key personnel involved in Iran’s nuclear weapons development program. Just...
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Michael N. Schmitt
| Jun 27, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Interpretation & Development, Use of Force
Interpreting the Law of Self-Defense The 13 June 2025 Israeli attack (Operation Rising Lion) on Iranian nuclear and military infrastructure, as well as senior military leaders and nuclear scientists, sparked a sophisticated debate over the parameters of the...
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Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
| Mar 24, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Targeting
Targeting Iranian Spy Ships On March 17, 2025, Al-Hadath, a Saudi news outlet, reported that U.S. forces in the Middle East had targeted and sunk Iran’s newest signals intelligence (SIGINT) ship, the IRINS Zagros (H313), while the spy ship was on station in the Red...
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Masoud Zamani,
Amirabbas Kiani
| Jan 24, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Neutrality, Use of Force
Dilemmas of Defense: The U.S. Role in the Iran-Israel Conflict On April 13, 2024, the Islamic Republic of Iran carried out an unprecedented operation, launching hundreds of drones and cruise missiles toward Israel. Reports indicate that Israel intercepted the majority...
