by
Robert Kolb
| Sep 10, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict, Use of Force
Exceptions to the Separation Between the Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello According to canonic learning and overwhelming practice, the rules of the jus ad bellum and those of the jus in bello are separated in the sense that the application of each depends on its own...
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Davit Khachatryan
| Sep 8, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict
The Baltic Defense Line: Military Necessity and Civilian Protection on NATO’s Eastern Flank Europe’s easternmost flank is undergoing one of the most strategically calibrated defensive preparations since the Cold War. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania are coordinating the...
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Antonio Coco
| Aug 18, 2025 | AI, AoW Posts, Artificial Intelligence in Armed Conflict CyCon 2025 Series, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict
CyCon 2025 Series – Artificial Intelligence in Armed Conflict: The Current State of International Law Editors’ note: This post is part of a series that features presentations at this year’s 17th International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon) in Tallinn,...
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Robert Kolb
| Aug 13, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict
Indirect or Reverberating Excessive Collateral Damage in Modern IHL Article 51(5)(b), of the 1977 Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 codifies the rule or principle of proportionality in offensive or defensive attacks in the following terms, Among...
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Aurel Sari
| Aug 11, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict
Indiscriminate Attacks, Proportionality and the Meaning of “Incidental” Civilian Harm Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s article, “Indiscriminate Attacks and the Proportionality Rule: What is Incidental Civilian Harm?” in the Journal of Conflict and...
