At the crossroads of scholarship and practice
The Lieber Institute at West Point facilitates and contributes to the global dialogue on today’s most pressing and complex law of war issues. Through its research, publications, events and education, it strives to advance the understanding and maintain the primacy of law in today’s armed conflicts.
The Lieber Institute seeks to bridge the divide between legal scholarship and battlefield experience in the study of the law. It engages in innovative research and collaboration on multiple topics of legal study including targeting, detention, artificial intelligence, emerging technologies and war crimes accountability.
Researching Cutting-edge Issues.
Promoting Understanding.
Empowering Combat Leaders.
When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part II
In Part I of this post, we addressed the threshold issue of whether cyber operations targeting water infrastructure qualify as attacks, thus bringing international humanitarian law (IHL)’s targeting rules into effect. This post assumes that the threshold for an attack...
An Occupying Power’s Authority to Conclude Treaties for Occupied Territories
Can an occupying power conclude treaties relating to the occupied territory? Can it do so solely in its own name or also in the name of the State whose territory is occupied? No clear answer yet exists for these questions, though a short and recent account, especially...
When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part I
While the digital transformation of water treatment plants, distribution networks, and dams has created significant efficiencies, few civilian infrastructure systems link digital control so tightly to physical effects. In water systems, access to control interfaces...
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