by
Szymon Skalski,
Natosha Hoduski
| Mar 6, 2026 | AoW Posts, Blog, Cyber, Targeting
When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part II In Part I of this post, we addressed the threshold issue of whether cyber operations targeting water infrastructure qualify as attacks, thus bringing international humanitarian...
by
Szymon Skalski,
Natosha Hoduski
| Mar 2, 2026 | AoW Posts, Blog, Cyber
When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part I While the digital transformation of water treatment plants, distribution networks, and dams has created significant efficiencies, few civilian infrastructure systems link digital...
by
Adriano Iaria
| Nov 17, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Cyber, Law of Armed Conflict
Military Objective or Civilian Object? The Italian National Cybersecurity Agency’s Status in Case of Armed Conflict The increasing reliance of States on cyber infrastructure for both civilian and military purposes has generated renewed debate on the protection...
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Robert Kolb,
Margaux Germanier
| Oct 31, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Cyber, Law of Armed Conflict
The Internal Proportionality Assessment in Cyberspace The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia’s Prosecutor v. Prlić et al. Appeals Chamber judgment, as well as the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission’s Western Front arbitral award found that a...
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Michael Kelly
| Mar 8, 2024 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict, Targeting, Ukraine-Russia Symposium
Ukraine Symposium – New ICC Arrest Warrants for Russian Flag Officers The International Criminal Court’s (ICC) wanted list for Russian perpetrators of war crimes committed in Ukraine has doubled. Prosecutor Karim Khan announced arrest warrants against two Russian...
