The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part II: Jus in Bello

The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part II: Jus in Bello

The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part II: Jus in Bello Part I of this two-post series analyzed how the International Court of Justice’s (ICJ) Climate Change advisory opinion might reshape State obligations in peacetime and the period...
War Booty in the Modern Law of Armed Conflict

War Booty in the Modern Law of Armed Conflict

War Booty in the Modern Law of Armed Conflict There is an often unnoticed lexical (and, by extension, substantive) controversy over the survival of war booty under the modern law of armed conflict. Most authors concede that this long-standing institution of the law of...
Ukraine’s Attacks on Oil Infrastructure and the “War-Sustaining” Debate

Ukraine’s Attacks on Oil Infrastructure and the “War-Sustaining” Debate

Ukraine’s Attacks on Oil Infrastructure and the “War-Sustaining” Debate On 16 June, Ukraine launched a drone strike on Russia’s Gazprom Neft Moscow Refinery, an oil processing facility that sources a third of the fuel supply for the Russian capital and its surrounding...
The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part I: General International Law Considerations

The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part I: General International Law Considerations

The ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Cyber Operations – Part I: General International Law Considerations In July 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued its much-anticipated Climate Change advisory opinion. The opinion is worth reviewing...
From Nuremberg to Lafarge: Corporate War Crimes by Another Name?

From Nuremberg to Lafarge: Corporate War Crimes by Another Name?

From Nuremberg to Lafarge: Corporate War Crimes by Another Name? The prosecution of the global corporation Lafarge in the United States and, more recently, in France may signal a major shift in wartime corporate accountability. Rather than relying on traditional war...
War Crimes in History

War Crimes in History

War Crimes in History Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s article-length work, “A History of the Law of War Crimes” appearing in International Review of the Red Cross. International law recognizes three categories of core crimes: genocide; crimes against...