I Spy: Espionage, Perfidy, and Fighting in the Shadows

I Spy: Espionage, Perfidy, and Fighting in the Shadows

I Spy: Espionage, Perfidy, and Fighting in the Shadows In a 2024 Articles of War post, I identified that intelligence gathering, including espionage, is authorized by both treaty and customary international law during armed conflict. For international armed conflicts,...
Al Hassan Symposium – Towards the Acceptance of the Aggregated Violence Approach?

Al Hassan Symposium – Towards the Acceptance of the Aggregated Violence Approach?

Al Hassan Symposium – Towards the Acceptance of the Aggregated Violence Approach? Editors’ note: This post is part of a joint symposium hosted by the Armed Groups and International Law and Articles of War blogs. The symposium addresses the ICC’s judgment in the Al...
The Conflict in Eastern DRC and the State Responsibility of Rwanda and Uganda

The Conflict in Eastern DRC and the State Responsibility of Rwanda and Uganda

The Conflict in Eastern DRC and the State Responsibility of Rwanda and Uganda In late January 2025, a rebel alliance involving the militia group M23 seized control over the town of Goma, the provincial capital of North Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo...
Common Article 2 and Non-State Reciprocity in the Law of Armed Conflict

Common Article 2 and Non-State Reciprocity in the Law of Armed Conflict

Common Article 2 and Non-State Reciprocity in the Law of Armed Conflict Editors’ note: This post is an abbreviated version of an article appearing in the Emory International Law Review Volume 39 (2025). When the States that signed the 1949 Geneva Conventions...
Year in Review – 2024

Year in Review – 2024

Year in Review – 2024 2024 was defined by a landscape of intensifying conflicts, continuous technological advancements (see here and here), and evolving debates over the application of the law of armed conflict (LOAC). The persistent war in Ukraine, the volatile...