Statehood in Conflict Classification: Revisiting Recognition in Contemporary IHL

Statehood in Conflict Classification: Revisiting Recognition in Contemporary IHL

Statehood in Conflict Classification: Revisiting Recognition in Contemporary IHL After more than a decade since the unilateral declaration of independence of Kosovo and the independence and admission of South Sudan into the United Nations, there has been another rise...
Haiti’s Gang Violence and the Armed Conflict Threshold: An IHL Analysis

Haiti’s Gang Violence and the Armed Conflict Threshold: An IHL Analysis

Haiti’s Gang Violence and the Armed Conflict Threshold: An IHL Analysis Haiti’s armed violence and humanitarian crisis remain acute. Armed gangs control significant territory, reportedly perpetrating killings, sexual violence, and child exploitation. In 2025 alone,...
When Cartels Fight Back: El Mencho and the NIAC Question in Mexico

When Cartels Fight Back: El Mencho and the NIAC Question in Mexico

When Cartels Fight Back: El Mencho and the NIAC Question in Mexico On February 22, 2026, Mexican Army Special Forces launched a pre-dawn raid on a gated residential compound in Tapalpa, a mountainous municipality in the Western state of Jalisco. Their target was...
Detention Operations on the Korean Peninsula: Historical Insights and Legal Risks

Detention Operations on the Korean Peninsula: Historical Insights and Legal Risks

Detention Operations on the Korean Peninsula: Historical Insights and Legal Risks The United States Military Academy (USMA) offers internships and immersion programs every summer as part of the Academic Individual Advanced Development (AIAD) initiative to expand...
Analyzing State Support to Non-State Actors – Part II: Response Options and Conflict Classification

Analyzing State Support to Non-State Actors – Part II: Response Options and Conflict Classification

Analyzing State Support to Non-State Actors – Part II: Response Options and Conflict Classification As non-State actors assume an increasingly prominent role in international affairs, State support to them as a strategic tool for advancing political objectives has...
Conflict Classification in Eastern DRC: IAC, NIAC, or Both?

Conflict Classification in Eastern DRC: IAC, NIAC, or Both?

Conflict Classification in Eastern DRC: IAC, NIAC, or Both? Enveloped in a myriad of armed conflicts, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) recently witnessed a significant escalation of hostilities when the March 23 Movement (M23) seized the provincial capital...