Space Privateers or Space Pirates? Armed Conflict, Outer Space, and the Attribution of Non-State Activities

Space Privateers or Space Pirates? Armed Conflict, Outer Space, and the Attribution of Non-State Activities

Space Privateers or Space Pirates? Armed Conflict, Outer Space, and the Attribution of Non-State Activities Famously, George Clemenceau, Prime Minister of France at the end of the First World War, quipped that “generals always prepare to fight the last war, especially...
The ICC’s Al Hassan Case: A Rejection of the Bilateral Approach to Conflict Classification?

The ICC’s Al Hassan Case: A Rejection of the Bilateral Approach to Conflict Classification?

The ICC’s Al Hassan Case: A Rejection of the Bilateral Approach to Conflict Classification? On June 26, 2024, Trial Chamber X of the International Criminal Court (ICC) finally delivered its judgment in the Al Hassan case. The defendant, Mr. Al Hassan Ag Abdoul...
Lieber Studies Making and Shaping LOAC Volume – The Application of LOAC in Domestic Courts and the Question of Expertise

Lieber Studies Making and Shaping LOAC Volume – The Application of LOAC in Domestic Courts and the Question of Expertise

Lieber Studies Making and Shaping LOAC Volume – The Application of LOAC in Domestic Courts and the Question of Expertise Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s chapter in Making and Shaping the Law of Armed Conflict (Sandesh Sivakumaran and Christian R....
Lieber Studies Making and Shaping LOAC Volume – The Development of the LOAC by International Criminal Tribunals

Lieber Studies Making and Shaping LOAC Volume – The Development of the LOAC by International Criminal Tribunals

Lieber Studies Making and Shaping LOAC Volume – The Development of the LOAC by International Criminal Tribunals Editors’ note: This post is based on the author’s chapter in Making and Shaping the Law of Armed Conflict (Sandesh Sivakumaran and Christian R. Burne...
Collective Self-Defense and the Internationalization of Armed Conflicts in Eastern DRC

Collective Self-Defense and the Internationalization of Armed Conflicts in Eastern DRC

Collective Self-Defense and the Internationalization of Armed Conflicts in Eastern DRC Nearly a decade after the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) signed a ceasefire agreement with the March 23 (M23) rebel movement, violence has once again erupted in the...
Houthi Operations in the Red Sea and LOAC?

Houthi Operations in the Red Sea and LOAC?

Houthi Operations in the Red Sea and LOAC? CAPT (ret.) Pete Pedrozo has recently provided an excellent update on escalating maritime threats and operations by Houthi rebels in the Red Sea area. As he has noted, these attacks are asserted by the perpetrators as...