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Kathy Paradis
| May 26, 2026 | AoW Posts, Blog, Other Bodies of Law
Legal Interoperability Lessons from the Red Sea The landscape of 21st century warfare is rapidly changing. After 20 years of fighting terrorism by non-State actors, great power competition and hybrid threats now dominate the security landscape, along with a return to...
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Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
| Mar 24, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Targeting
Targeting Iranian Spy Ships On March 17, 2025, Al-Hadath, a Saudi news outlet, reported that U.S. forces in the Middle East had targeted and sunk Iran’s newest signals intelligence (SIGINT) ship, the IRINS Zagros (H313), while the spy ship was on station in the Red...
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Magne Frostad
| Jun 10, 2024 | AoW Posts, Blog, Interpretation & Development, Law of Armed Conflict, Use of Force
Houthi Attacks on Merchant Vessels in the Red Sea The Red Sea has seen a rise in attacks on merchant ships since 19 October 2023. Although the number of ships having been attacked differs depending on the sources used, the number has by now at the very least exceeded...
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Himanil Raina
| Apr 15, 2024 | AoW Posts, Blog, Use of Force
Attacks on Merchant Shipping: Which State Has the Right to Respond in Self-Defence? On April 13, 2024, Iranian special forces seized the Portuguese flagged MSC Aries near the Strait of Hormuz as it sailed towards the Nhava Sheva port in India. The ship, which...
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Rob McLaughlin
| Jan 8, 2024 | AoW Posts, Blog, Conflict Classification, Law of Armed Conflict, Targeting
Houthi Operations in the Red Sea and LOAC? CAPT (ret.) Pete Pedrozo has recently provided an excellent update on escalating maritime threats and operations by Houthi rebels in the Red Sea area. As he has noted, these attacks are asserted by the perpetrators as...
