Revisiting Application of Jus ad Bellum during an Ongoing International Armed Conflict

Revisiting Application of Jus ad Bellum during an Ongoing International Armed Conflict

Revisiting Application of Jus ad Bellum during an Ongoing International Armed Conflict The relationship between the existence of an international armed conflict (IAC) and the legality of the use of force under the jus ad bellum (JAB) remains conceptually distinct but...
Through the Looking Glass, Again: The Caroline Standard and a General Framework for Necessity-Based Self-Defense

Through the Looking Glass, Again: The Caroline Standard and a General Framework for Necessity-Based Self-Defense

Through the Looking Glass, Again: The Caroline Standard and a General Framework for Necessity-Based Self-Defense “Why, it’s a Looking-glass book, of course! And if I hold it up to a glass, the words will all go the right way again.” — Lewis Carroll, Through the...
In Honor of Françoise Hampson – Parsing Proportionality

In Honor of Françoise Hampson – Parsing Proportionality

In Honor of Françoise Hampson – Parsing Proportionality Editors’ note: This post is part of a series to honor Françoise Hampson, who passed away on April 18, 2025. These posts recognize Professor Hampson’s work and the significant contribution her scholarship...
The Ban on Force or the System: What’s Really Dying?

The Ban on Force or the System: What’s Really Dying?

The Ban on Force or the System: What’s Really Dying? In the past year, a growing chorus of voices has warned that the international “rule-based” order—along with the prohibition on the use of force—is unraveling, with the United States poised to withdraw from the very...
Exceptions to the Separation Between the Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello

Exceptions to the Separation Between the Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello

Exceptions to the Separation Between the Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello According to canonic learning and overwhelming practice, the rules of the jus ad bellum and those of the jus in bello are separated in the sense that the application of each depends on its own...