What Aggregate Civilian-Combatant Ratios Tell Us, And What They Don’t: A Case Study from the Gaza Conflict

What Aggregate Civilian-Combatant Ratios Tell Us, And What They Don’t: A Case Study from the Gaza Conflict

What Aggregate Civilian-Combatant Ratios Tell Us, And What They Don’t: A Case Study from the Gaza Conflict Public debate about contemporary armed conflict increasingly relies on aggregate civilian-to-combatant casualty ratios as indicators of legality and moral...
When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part I

When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part I

When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part I While the digital transformation of water treatment plants, distribution networks, and dams has created significant efficiencies, few civilian infrastructure systems link digital...
Firewalls and Fault Lines: Cyber War in the Middle East

Firewalls and Fault Lines: Cyber War in the Middle East

Firewalls and Fault Lines: Cyber War in the Middle East Following the Iran-Israel War, a conflict blending relentless Israel Defense Force (IDF) airstrikes with Iranian missile and drone barrages, some Middle Eastern battlefields have quieted, making it easy to forget...
Did China Just Violate the Biological Warfare Convention?

Did China Just Violate the Biological Warfare Convention?

Did China Just Violate the Biological Warfare Convention? In early June, the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) arrested two nationals of the People’s Republic of China for conspiracy to smuggle a fungus called Fusarium graminearum into the United States,...
Ukraine Symposium – War Termination: Legal Implications for International Security

Ukraine Symposium – War Termination: Legal Implications for International Security

Ukraine Symposium – War Termination: Legal Implications for International Security The Kremlin announced on June 20 that it would finalize a date for a third round of peace talks with Ukraine. This follows two meetings in Istanbul on May 16 and June 2, 2025, marking...