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Ken Watkin
| Jul 16, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict
Intelligence Wars, Their Warriors, and Legal Ambiguity – Part I: Wars and Warriors Editors’ note: This post is part of a two-part series that explores the role military and civilian intelligence organizations perform in contemporary hostilities. On June 13, 2025, the...
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William Casey Biggerstaff
| Jul 3, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Use of Force
Operation Rising Lion and the Self-Defense Condition of Immediacy On 13 June, Israel launched Operation Rising Lion, striking Iranian military leadership and critical infrastructure as well as key personnel involved in Iran’s nuclear weapons development program. Just...
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Michael N. Schmitt
| Jun 27, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Interpretation & Development, Use of Force
Interpreting the Law of Self-Defense The 13 June 2025 Israeli attack (Operation Rising Lion) on Iranian nuclear and military infrastructure, as well as senior military leaders and nuclear scientists, sparked a sophisticated debate over the parameters of the...
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Terry D. Gill
| Jun 26, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Use of Force
Israel (and the United States) vs. Iran: Self-Defence and Forcible Counterproliferation A number of experts have set out their position on whether Israel has a credible claim to self-defence as a legal basis for its recent and ongoing series of strikes against Iranian...
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Nicholas Tsagourias
| Jun 20, 2025 | AoW Posts, Blog, Law of Armed Conflict, Targeting, Use of Force
Assessing the Legality of Israel’s Action Against Iran Under International Law As related in previous Articles of War coverage (here, here, and here), in the early hours of 13 June, Israel launched “Operation Rising Lion” which struck Iran’s nuclear enrichment...
