Articles of War
The Ukrainian Attacks Against Gambian-Flagged Oil Tankers in the Black Sea
On October 28, 2025, Ukrainian so-called “Sea Baby drones” attacked two Gambian-flagged oil tankers, the Kairos and Virat. Whereas the vessels were severely damaged, no casualties were reported. Presumably, the ships are part of Russia’s “shadow fleet,” and are on a...
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Ukraine and the Defender’s Obligations
In a recent post, I expressed my concern over the ability of the modern law of armed conflict (LOAC) to continue to not only regulate hostilities,...
Deepfake Technology in the Age of Information Warfare
Prior to its invasion of Ukraine, there were speculations that Russia was planning to produce a graphic fake video showing a Ukrainian attack as a...
The Russia-Ukraine War and the European Convention on Human Rights
As with the 2008 Russia-Georgia conflict, the war between Russia and Ukraine—likely to last much longer and be far more brutal than the Georgian...
Neutrality in the War against Ukraine
This contribution briefly addresses the question of whether and to what extent States that are not parties to the war against Ukraine are bound by...
Cluster Munitions and the Ukraine War
There are reports that cluster munitions have been used by both sides during the Ukraine Wars. Is such use lawful? Cluster munitions can, in general...
Legal Status of Ukraine’s Resistance Forces
In the lead up to Russia’s invasion, Ukraine prepared to defend its territory by, among other things, training its citizens to serve as a...
Russia’s “Special Military Operation” and the (Claimed) Right of Self-Defense
On 24 February, Russia attacked Ukraine on several fronts. Two days earlier, President Vladimir Putin had announced Russia’s recognition of Luhansk...
Symposium Intro: Ukraine-Russia Armed Conflict
The sad human tragedy in Ukraine is not only a pivotal moment for international peace and security, but also a serious test of the role of law in...
Terrorist Offences and IHL: The Armed Conflict Exclusion Clause
In our current article in the International Review of the Red Cross, we discuss the so-called “armed conflict exclusion clause” (also known as an...
The U.S. Legal Obligation to Take Precautions to Minimize Civilian Harm
U.S. Special Forces recently conducted a raid against the residence of the Islamic State’s leader. President Biden and other U.S. Department of...
The ICJ’s Armed Activities Reparations Judgment: A Brave New World?
On February 9, 2022, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) rendered its judgment on reparations in the case concerning Armed Activities on the...
Through the Drone Looking Glass: Visualization Technologies and Military Decision-Making
On 29 August 2021, the U.S. military launched its last drone strike in Afghanistan before American troops withdrew from the country. The strike...
