Articles of War
Lieber Studies Armed Conflict in the Indo-Pacific Region Volume Series – Introduction
In recent years, the Indo-Pacific has emerged as a principal arena of strategic competition. The region has witnessed intensified military modernization and rivalry among major powers, often involving hybrid tactics, maritime grey zone operations, and influence...
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Fighting at Machine Speed: AI and U.S. Army Counterfire Under the Law of War – Part II
Part I of this post explained the growing relevance of counterfire operations, challenges that accompany carrying them out, and potential...
Fighting at Machine Speed: AI and U.S. Army Counterfire Under the Law of War – Part I
A strategic shift in national security priorities from counterinsurgency operations to great-power competition and conflict has exposed significant...
Ukraine’s Suspension of the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention
On July 17, 2025, Ukraine suspended operation of the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (Oslo-Ottawa Convention) and notified other State Parties...
Challenging Common Assumptions About Civilian Protection in Large-Scale Combat Operations
Preparations for large-scale combat operations (LSCOs) by the U.S. military and other NATO militaries have led to a debate—no doubt familiar to...
Nuclear Weapons Part I – Opposing Perspectives
Editors’ note: This is the first of a four-part post on legal considerations applicable to nuclear weapons. This post will explore the fundamental...
Human Oversight with Chinese Characteristics: Lethal Autonomous Weapons in the CCW GGE
Editors' note: This is the second post in a series dedicated to Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) and the questions of human oversight and...
Putting the Canadian in IHL: The Canadian Handbook on International Humanitarian Law
The International Committee of the Red Cross observes that “[t]he rules of war are universal.” Few would dispute that as a general statement,...
When Cartels Fight Back: El Mencho and the NIAC Question in Mexico
On February 22, 2026, Mexican Army Special Forces launched a pre-dawn raid on a gated residential compound in Tapalpa, a mountainous municipality in...
What Aggregate Civilian-Combatant Ratios Tell Us, And What They Don’t: A Case Study from the Gaza Conflict
Public debate about contemporary armed conflict increasingly relies on aggregate civilian-to-combatant casualty ratios as indicators of legality and...
The Evolving Architecture of the International Law of Military Operations: Mapping the Future of Legal Research in Armed Conflict
International law governing military operations is undergoing a period of profound transformation. Rapid technological innovation including...
Armenia’s Military Procurement from India and Article 36 of the Additional Protocol I
Armenia is rearming. Following the catastrophic losses of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War and the complete collapse of Russian reliability as a...
The Regulation of Levées en Masse: Extending Participation to Diaspora Populations
The levée en masse (i.e., mass uprising) is a relatively rare form of conflict participation recognised by international humanitarian law (IHL). It...
