Revisiting Customary IHL Series – Study 2.0 Featuring the Martens Clause: Tool Rather Than Subject

Revisiting Customary IHL Series – Study 2.0 Featuring the Martens Clause: Tool Rather Than Subject

Revisiting Customary IHL Series – Study 2.0 Featuring the Martens Clause: Tool Rather Than Subject Editors’ note: This post is part of a series relating to the ICRC’s Customary International Humanitarian Law Study, featured across Articles of...
Revisiting Customary IHL Series – The ICRC’s Study at 20

Revisiting Customary IHL Series – The ICRC’s Study at 20

Revisiting Customary IHL Series – The ICRC’s Study at 20 Editors’ note: This post introduces a series relating to the ICRC’s Customary International Humanitarian Law Study, featured across Articles of War and Völkerrechtsblog. The series highlights presentations...
Exceptions to the Separation Between the Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello

Exceptions to the Separation Between the Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello

Exceptions to the Separation Between the Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello According to canonic learning and overwhelming practice, the rules of the jus ad bellum and those of the jus in bello are separated in the sense that the application of each depends on its own...
The Baltic Defense Line: Military Necessity and Civilian Protection on NATO’s Eastern Flank

The Baltic Defense Line: Military Necessity and Civilian Protection on NATO’s Eastern Flank

The Baltic Defense Line: Military Necessity and Civilian Protection on NATO’s Eastern Flank Europe’s easternmost flank is undergoing one of the most strategically calibrated defensive preparations since the Cold War. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania are coordinating the...
Operation Spider Web and Instrumentalizing Civilian Objects

Operation Spider Web and Instrumentalizing Civilian Objects

Operation Spider Web and Instrumentalizing Civilian Objects On 1 June 2025, in one of the boldest operations of the war, Ukraine carried out a massive surprise attack against Russian military installations. The attack, known as Operation Spider Web, was carried out by...
CyCon 2025 Series – AI-Enabled Offensive Cyber Operations: Legal Challenges in the Shadows of Automation

CyCon 2025 Series – AI-Enabled Offensive Cyber Operations: Legal Challenges in the Shadows of Automation

CyCon 2025 Series – AI-Enabled Offensive Cyber Operations: Legal Challenges in the Shadows of Automation Editors’ note: This post is part of a series that features presentations at this year’s 17th International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon) in Tallinn,...