The Law and Character of War in 2035

The Law and Character of War in 2035

The Law and Character of War in 2035 In fall of 2020, the Lieber Institute for Law and Warfare at West Point joined a U.S. Army Futures Command (AFC) multi-year study on the changing character of warfare. The study has convened three times annually since. Its purpose...
Are Mercenaries in Ukraine?

Are Mercenaries in Ukraine?

Are Mercenaries in Ukraine? Reports suggest both Russia and Ukraine are recruiting and supplementing forces in ways that potentially implicate international legal rules related to mercenaries. This post, after surveying media reports of mercenaries in Ukraine,...
Consistency and Change in Russian Approaches to International Law

Consistency and Change in Russian Approaches to International Law

Consistency and Change in Russian Approaches to International Law Recent Russian conduct on the world stage—and less metaphorically, on the territory of Ukraine—has been appalling. Violations of international law (such as acts of aggression and unlawful support for...
The ICJ’s Armed Activities Reparations Judgment: A Brave New World?

The ICJ’s Armed Activities Reparations Judgment: A Brave New World?

The ICJ’s Armed Activities Reparations Judgment: A Brave New World? On February 9, 2022, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) rendered its judgment on reparations in the case concerning Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo, between the Democratic...
Non-Binding Norms in the Law of Armed Conflict

Non-Binding Norms in the Law of Armed Conflict

Non-Binding Norms in the Law of Armed Conflict In the aftermath of the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, Bush administration appointees criticized the Geneva Conventions as being, among other things, obsolete and out of date. Indeed, one of the consistent criticisms of...
Embracing LOAC Pluralism

Embracing LOAC Pluralism

Embracing LOAC Pluralism ​Although the prospect of war remains, the end of two decades of active hostilities affords the United States and its partners the breathing room to rethink their approaches to developing and interpreting the law of armed conflict (LOAC). In...