Armenia’s Military Procurement from India and Article 36 of the Additional Protocol I

Armenia’s Military Procurement from India and Article 36 of the Additional Protocol I

Armenia’s Military Procurement from India and Article 36 of the Additional Protocol I Armenia is rearming. Following the catastrophic losses of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War and the complete collapse of Russian reliability as a security guarantor, Yerevan has...
The Regulation of Levées en Masse: Extending Participation to Diaspora Populations

The Regulation of Levées en Masse: Extending Participation to Diaspora Populations

The Regulation of Levées en Masse: Extending Participation to Diaspora Populations The levée en masse (i.e., mass uprising) is a relatively rare form of conflict participation recognised by international humanitarian law (IHL). It was last expressed in treaty form in...
The Role of Municipal Law Analogies in the Law of Armed Conflicts

The Role of Municipal Law Analogies in the Law of Armed Conflicts

The Role of Municipal Law Analogies in the Law of Armed Conflicts It is common wisdom that the law of armed conflict (LOAC) contains many “principles” or rules of considerable normative breadth and importance. Some examples include: the principle of limitation of...
The Alleged Poisoning of Alexei Navalny: Why do Toxin Allegations Go to the Hague?

The Alleged Poisoning of Alexei Navalny: Why do Toxin Allegations Go to the Hague?

The Alleged Poisoning of Alexei Navalny: Why do Toxin Allegations Go to the Hague? During the 2026 Munich Security Conference, the United Kingdom, Sweden, France, Germany, and the Netherlands made a joint statement concerning the death of Alexei Navalny. They stated...
Legal Accountability for AI-Driven Autonomous Weapons

Legal Accountability for AI-Driven Autonomous Weapons

Legal Accountability for AI-Driven Autonomous Weapons Editors’ note: This is the first post in a series dedicated to Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) and the questions of human oversight and legal accountability under international humanitarian law. As...
When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part II

When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part II

When Red Lines Cross Blue Lines: Cyber Attacks on Poland’s Water Infrastructure – Part II In Part I of this post, we addressed the threshold issue of whether cyber operations targeting water infrastructure qualify as attacks, thus bringing international humanitarian...